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We have conducted a series of studies on Arabica coffee plantations in Aceh Tengah Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia to study the effect of organic and conventional coffee plantation systems on the level of attack by coffee berry borer (CBB), Hypothenemus hampei.  The results showed that at each observation the level of CBB attacks on coffee plants cultivated organically was lower than those cultivated conventionally. The level of CBB attack on organic and conventional coffee plantations is between 7.9 - 12.1% and 13.2 - 22.2% respectively. From the results of this study it is suspected that in coffee plantations that are cultured organically there are more diverse or more abundant organisms that act as natural enemies, so they can suppress CBB population development. Meanwhile, conventional coffee cultivation is suspected to have decreased the natural enemy population of CBB, because on these lands synthetic pesticides have been used continuously to control various disturbing organisms in coffee plants. The results of this study indicate that organic coffee farming systems have played an important role in maintaining the biodiversity of various organisms in coffee plantations, so that the population development of various coffee plant pests, i.e. CBB can be balanced by the development of their natural enemy population.